Farad = one coulomb per volt.
Henry = one volt per amp
Coulomb = charge carried by one amp in one second
ε = 4π10-7 H/meter
μ = 8.85 pF/meter
L = μAN2/length
(meters)
Capacitance = Aμ/d
where A = area of capacitor and d = plate separation.
Coulomb's Law (Electric force)
Force=q2/(4πεr2)
and Ampere's Law (Magnetic force)
Force/L =4πμ i2/r
Note: i=q/t and
this leads to c2 = 1/(με)
frequency, f = 1/(2πRC), where R and C are resistance and capacitance.
f = 1.59*105/(RC) where R is in ohms and C is in microfarads
E and M basics
Conventional current flows from + to minus
In conven current, electrons flow other way
Negative voltage pushes electrons away, toward + anode. Creates conventional current from + to -
Diode
P and N type junction. P has holes, N has electrons excess.
Apply battery to junction with plus to the p and minus to the n, pushes electrons away from N toward P and thus conventional current flows from P side to N side.
Transistor
Diode sandwich
PN junction basic part of transistor
Battery anode = negative
cathode = positive
If wire connects, conventional current flows from cathode to anode
BUT electrons flow from A to P
Apply + voltage to P type gives conventional current flow (bias) from A to P???